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پیاپی 83 (پاییز 1401)

Fatigue during chest compression is significantly contributed to ineffective chest compression. Studies have shown that there are significant limitations in reaching sufficient depth number. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of customized physical fitness program on the rate of fatigue and the quality of chest compression in cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

A quasi-experimental study with random allocation that lasted from March to May 2022 was performed. Convenience Sample is selected from nursing students of Al-Ameed and Warith Alanbiyaa University. Students were randomized into Intervention (Customized physical fitness) (n=30) and Control (General physical fitness) (n=30) group. Correct Chest compression and fatigue were measured. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics via statistical software (SPSS-22).

The mean age of students was 23.05 years old. The mean score of fatigue in the first to fifth minutes after the intervention was significant between the two groups. In the intervention group, the mean number of correct chest compressions in the first to fifth minutes was significantly superior to that of control group.

A customized physical fitness program may lead to an increase in the correct number of chest pressures and a reduction in fatigue compared to a general fitness program. Therefore, this program is recommended for rescuers participating in resuscitation

The 2019 coronavirus pandemic (Covid-19) is a global emergency that is changing rapidly and has attracted the attention of the world due to its high transmission power and mortality. This study examines the clinical characteristics of confirmed covid-19 patients in order to reach more accurate diagnoses of this disease.

This study was conducted on 78 patients with laboratory-confirmed covid-19 hospitalized in Musa Ibne Jafar Quchan Hospital from March 3, 2018 to June 10, 2019. The criterion for confirming the corona virus was a positive PCR test in patients.

Out of 231 patients (51% women) who entered the study, only 78 had a positive RT-PCR test. The most common symptom was cough, which was observed in 53 patients (67.9%). Symptoms such as fever (59%), shortness of breath (41%) and myalgia (32.1%) were also common. The average age of patients with or without dyspnea was 64.66 and 53.30 years, respectively (p=0.014). Similarly, the average age of patients with low level of consciousness was significantly higher than those with high consciousness (85.33 vs. 56.87, p=0.014).

The most common symptoms of patients with confirmed COVID-19 are fever and cough. Shortness of breath and low alertness were more common in elderly patients.

health workers are at risk of contracting the disease of COVID-19 and preventive behaviors play an important role in reducing the rate of infection and death from this disease. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the preventive behaviors of contracting COVID-19 and its related factors using the protection motivation theory (PMT) in the hospital employees of Hamadan province. This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in March 2020 on 436 employees working in hospitals covered by Hamadan University of Medical Sciences who were selected by multi-stage random sampling method. The data collection tool was a questionnaire containing contextual variables and protection motivation theory constructs that were designed and psychometrically analyzed in the study of Barati et al. Data were analyzed in Stata 14 statistical software and using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation test and linear regression. The behavior of using a mask (95.2%) was the most frequent and the continuous use of gloves and gowns (49.8%) was the least frequent among health workers. The status of protection motivation theory constructs was evaluated at a relatively favorable level. In total, the various constructs of protection motivation theory explain 42% of the variance of behavioral intention in the studied health workers. Among these, the perceived self-efficacy structure had a significant contribution in explaining the variance of the intention to perform preventive behavior by the subjects under study. Fear-inducing theories were identified as one of the effective factors in promoting preventive behaviors.

Considering the importance of effective communication skills to support patients and their families, and on the other hand, the negative impact of nurses' unfavorable self-concept on patient care, it is necessary to identify factors affecting professional self-concept. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the quality of patient interaction and the professional self-concept of nurses and nursing students of Birjand University of Medical Sciences.

This correlational study was conducted in 2019. Nurses were selected by stratification and nursing students of Birjand University of Medical Sciences by convenience method. In order to collect data, the communication skills with patients and the nursing professional self-concept questionnaire were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS v.16 software and descriptive statistics and t-tests, Pearson's correlation coefficient and linear regression.

The mean age of students was 21.4±1.6 years and nurses were 28.0±4.5 years. The results of linear regression showed professional self-concept, directly and significantly predicts the quality of interaction with the patient (p<0.001, β=0.351). The result of the Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there is a direct and significant relationship between professional self-concept and the quality of interaction with the patient (p <0.001, r=0.351).

According to the results of the study, communication skills and professional self-concept of nursing students and nurses are moderate and need to be improved. On the other hand, due to the direct connection between these two concepts, it is felt necessary to train and prepare nurses and nursing students with the help of workshops and revisions of nursing educational curriculum, in order to have a higher professional self-concept and increase patient interaction skills.

Nausea and vomiting is one of the most common problems during pregnancy, the exact cause of which is still unknown. Because during pregnancy, pregnant women's susceptibility to different life stresses increases; Some researchers have attributed nausea and vomiting to psychological factors. Knowing the factors related to nausea and vomiting helps to provide effective solutions to reduce this complication, so the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between stress, anxiety and depression with nausea and vomiting during pregnancy.

This descriptive and correlational study was conducted in 2017 on 66 pregnant women, 6-12 weeks, with nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, referred to two selected health centers in Mashhad. The data collection tools in this study were the Rhodes Nausea and Vomiting Index and the DAS-21 Depression, Anxiety and Stress Questionnaire. After collecting the data, it was analyzed using SPSS statistical software (version 25).

This study showed that the scores of nausea, vomiting, belching and the total score of nausea, vomiting, belching had a positive and significant relationship with stress, anxiety and depression, so that the scores of the scores of nausea, vomiting, belching and the total score of nausea, vomiting, belching were more, stress, anxiety and depression scores were also higher and vice versa.

Nausea, vomiting and belching of pregnant women are related to their stress, anxiety and depression; Therefore, it is recommended to pay more attention to their mental and emotional states in the care of pregnant women.

Evidence shows that most diseases, including heart disease, cancer, pneumonia, and health inequalities, are all strongly influenced by social characteristics. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between social participation and general health of the elderly in Mashhad

The present study was a cross-sectional descriptive analysis for which 350 elderly retirees (employees) and retirees of the Social Security Organization (workers), based on a multi-stage method ((class, systematic random access and available) based The proportions were proportionally selected.The data were collected using the elderly demographic information questionnaire, GHQ general health questionnaire and social participation questionnaire.The data obtained using SPSS-v24 software and using correlation tests, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance And multiple linear regression was analyzed.

The mean and standard deviation of age of the research units was 68.91 7 7.62 years. The mean scores of general health and social participation were 15.19 and 31.71, respectively. The variables of social participation along with age, marriage, gender, employment, source of income, income satisfaction, illness and life companions as independent variables predicted 15% of general health (P <0.05).

In this study, no significant results were observed between the relationship between social participation and public health in retired elderly. Further research focusing on more individual factors such as age, marital status, gender, employment, source of income, income satisfaction, illness, and life companions can be useful for planning and implementing comprehensive and effective strategies.

Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of death in men, so that this cancer is the most common and the second leading cause of death in men. Therefore, in this study, the epidemiological study of prostate cancer in a period of 5 years from 1393 to 1397 in Saveh has been done.

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study using the re-analysis of the data of the annual report of cases registered in the Cancer Registration Center during the years 93 to 97 (because the information after 97 is still fully collected and Not registered) has been done in Saveh city. The study was performed based on the total number of cases, age of onset of the disease and data used in the cancer registry program during this period

The results of this study showed that the number of registered cases of total cancers is also increasing and with age the number of registered cases of prostate cancer increased significantly and the highest number of people with this disease are people older than 80 years old.

Prostate cancer is a disease that is more common in older men and its incidence is increasing in Saveh. Due to the aging population and lifestyle changes, proper planning for accurate and timely examinations for early diagnosis and treatment of this cancer seems necessary.

Understanding the knowledge patterns used in nursing is the key to teaching and learning.  Carper proposed four models of empirics, personal, ethics and aesthetic knowledge. Since then, nursing scientists have expanded on her work and they suggested other models for basic knowledge in nursing. Munhall identified the fifth pattern of knowing, which is, paradoxically, unknowing.

This article is a narrative review. Previously published information on the pattern of unknowing in nursing was searched with the Persian and English keywords of patterns of knowledge in nursing, knowing and un knowing in the information sources Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, ISI, Science Direct. In order to cover the maximum aim, the search was done without applying time limit and using AND/OR operators. Finally, 28 articles and books were used.

Unknowing is the knowledge that the nurse does not know the patient at the first meeting and by recognizing this unknowing, the nurse remains alert to the patients' point of view. Unknowing can be defined as a process of understanding or a condition of openness that gives meaning to an experience. In unknowing, people purposefully let go of their preconceptions, stereotypes, prejudices, and assumptions. This view of unknowing fosters an open mind by exploring multiple possibilities.

In this model, the nurse should discard the preconceived notions of what is best for the patient. Unknowing can be considered a vital pathway to new and undiscovered knowledge for nursing and all interpersonal relationships.

Nursing education is changing from focusing on behavioral outcomes to focusing on human and caring aspects of nursing. This transformation emphasizes the understanding of social, economic and political factors in the context of current health care system reforms. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of knowing Habermas' theory and its impact on nursing education and care.

The research method was descriptive-analytical. The research population consisted of all published documents on postmodernism with emphasis on Habermas's views and its impact on nursing. Extensive searches of PubMed electronic databases, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Scopus were carried out until 2022 with no time limit.

Habermas's critical theory of reality in three different perspectives; the objective view distinguishes the subjective view and the social world. Objective theories serve as the core and measurement for quality assurance and patient safety. Subjectivity in health care services may be related to personal values, behaviors and attitudes of health care workers. The social world is the structured process of interactions between or between health care professionals and patients.

The critical paradigm helps to change and transfer from old to new methods and is a suggested paradigm in nursing education to adapt to these changes. Nurses can use critical theory to explore the political aspects of unsafe and harmful health conditions.

Due to the increasing use of smartphone technology in students to access online resources that facilitate ideal care and support continuing education, this study was conducted to review of the impact of educational applications for midwifery and nursing students.

In order to conduct the present narrative review study, using the keywords of educational applications, virtual training, smartphones, mobile phones, midwifery and nursing students and their persian equivalents in pubmed, science direct, web of science scopus, google scholar, Elsevier, Magiran databases , SID was searched in the period of 2000 to 2022 and articles with inclusion criteria were selected.

Out of 590 articles after screening, only 5 articles were included in the study. The results of studies showed that the use of mobile phone technology and virtual training is useful in students' learning. According to student`s desire to use of different virtual learning methods, educational applications in addition to self-centered education, has a positive effect on improving students' clinical skills and competence, also student`s strengthening theoretical discussions especially when e-learning is combined with face-to-face training.

Mobile phones enhance training and the ability of mobile support resources to enhance students' clinical experiences in the workplace.